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Improving performance portability for GPU-specific OpenCL kernels onmulti-core/many-coreCPUs by analysis-based

Mei WEN,Da-fei HUANG,Chang-qing XUN,Dong CHEN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第11期页码 899-916 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500032

摘要： OpenCL is an open heterogeneous programming framework. Although OpenCL programs are functionally portable, they do not provide performance portability, so code transformation often plays an irreplaceable role. When adapting GPU-specific OpenCL kernels to run on multi-core/many-core CPUs, coarsening the thread granularity is necessary and thus has been extensively used. However, locality concerns exposed in GPU-specific OpenCL code are usually inherited without analysis, which may give side-effects on the CPU performance. Typically, the use of OpenCL’s local memory on multi-core/many-core CPUs may lead to an opposite performance effect, because local-memory arrays no longer match well with the hardware and the associated synchronizations are costly. To solve this dilemma, we actively analyze the memory access patterns using array-access descriptors derived from GPU-specific kernels, which can thus be adapted for CPUs by (1) removing all the unwanted local-memory arrays together with the obsolete barrier statements and (2) optimizing the coalesced kernel code with vectorization and locality re-exploitation. Moreover, we have developed an automated tool chain that makes this transformation of GPU-specific OpenCL kernels into a CPU-friendly form, which is accompanied with a scheduler that forms a new OpenCL runtime. Experiments show that the automated transformation can improve OpenCL kernel performance on a multi-core CPU by an average factor of 3.24. Satisfactory performance improvements are also achieved on Intel’s many-integrated-core coprocessor. The resultant performance on both architectures is better than or comparable with the corresponding OpenMP performance.

关键词： OpenCL Performance portability Multi-core/many-core CPU Analysis-based transformation

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Thinking and practice of accelerating transformation of traditional Chinese medicine from experiencemedicine to evidence-based medicine

Baoyan Liu, Yanhong Zhang, Jingqing Hu, Liyun He, Xuezhong Zhou

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 163-170 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0143-9

摘要： The gradual development of Chinese medicine is based on constant accumulation and summary of experience in clinical practice, but without the benefit of undergoing the experimental medicine stage. Although Chinese medicine has formed a systematic and unique theory system through thousands of years, with the development of evidence-based medicine, the bondage of the research methods of experience medicine to Chinese medicine is appearing. The rapid transition and transformation from experience medicine to evidence-based medicine have become important content in the development of Chinese medicine. According to the features of Chinese medicine, we propose the research idea of “taking two ways simultaneously,” which is the study both in the ideal condition and in the real world. Analyzing and constructing the theoretical basis and methodology of clinical research in the real world, and building the stage for research technique is key to the effective clinical research of Chinese medicine. Only by gradually maturing and completing the clinical research methods of the real world could we realize “taking two ways simultaneously” and complementing each other, continuously produce scientific and reliable evidence of Chinese medicine, as well as transform and develop Chinese medicine from experience medicine to evidence-based medicine.

关键词： Chinese medicine experience medicine evidence-based medicine real world

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我国汽车产业转型升级研究

乔英俊,延建林,钟志华,赵俊玮

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第3期页码 41-46 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.03.001

摘要：

本文全面分析了当前我国汽车产业发展面临的新形势和未来发展的新趋向，研究提出了我国汽车产业转型升级的新内涵，即：新材料、新结构、新工艺、新装备、新能源、新功能、新模式，并分析比较了我国汽车产业转型升级的四种新路径，即自主技术创新、跨界联合发展、政策资源支持、创新商业模式，最后提出了相应的发展建议。

关键词：汽车产业转型升级路径分析

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以智能网联汽车为载体的汽车强国战略顶层设计

边明远,李克强

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第1期页码 52-58 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.008

摘要：

智能网联汽车是以信息技术为代表的新科技变革趋势下产生的一种新兴产业形态。由于体现为跨行业多领域新技术的深度交叉融合，智能网联汽车的产业化发展必定能带动相关行业的协同进步，从而推动中国制造业的转型升级，实现我国由汽车大国向汽车强国的转变。本文阐述了建设汽车强国的本质内涵以及发展智能网联汽车对建设汽车强国的意义，分析了中国发展智能网联汽车具备的基础和面临的问题，并提出了以智能网联汽车为载体的建设汽车强国战略的顶层设计方案。

关键词：智能网联汽车汽车强国产业转型升级顶层设计

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Error analysis and optimization of a 3-degree of freedom translational Parallel Kinematic Machine

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《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第9卷第2期页码 120-129 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0300-3

摘要：

In this paper, error modeling and analysis of a typical 3-degree of freedom translational Parallel Kinematic Machine is presented. This mechanism provides translational motion along the Cartesian X-, Y- and Z- axes. It consists of three limbs each having an arm and forearm with prismatic-revolute-revolute-revolute joints. The moving or tool platform maintains same orientation in the entire workspace due to its joint arrangement. From inverse kinematics, the joint angles for a given position of tool platform necessary for the error modeling and analysis are obtained. Error modeling is done based on the differentiation of the inverse kinematic equations. Variation of pose errors along X, Y and Z directions for a set of dimensions of the parallel kinematic machine is presented. A non-dimensional performance index, namely, global error transformation index is used to study the influence of dimensions and its corresponding global maximum pose error is reported. An attempt is made to find the optimal dimensions of the Parallel Kinematic Machine using Genetic Algorithms in MATLAB. The methodology presented and the results obtained are useful for predicting the performance capability of the Parallel Kinematic Machine under study.

关键词： translational Parallel Kinematic Machine error modeling global error transformation index

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Experiments on the effect of the pressure on the mineral transformation of coal ash under the different

Nijie JING, Qinhui WANG, Zhongyang LUO, Tao JIE, Xiaomin LI, Kefa CEN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 394-399 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0505-x

摘要： This paper investigated the effect of the pressures, reaction atmospheres and coal ash species on the ash fusibility with high-pressure thermogravimetric analysis (PTGA) apparatus and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Each specimen analyzed by XRD was observed for the mineral conversion and formation of new minerals with the pressures under different atmospheres. These results indicate that the pressure restrains the transformation and decomposition of minerals. Many low-temperature minerals are still present under the elevated pressure. The different reaction atmospheres have different effects on the formation of coal ash minerals. Under the N atmosphere, the present microcline may decrease the melting temperature of coal ash. And later, it transforms into sanidine at high pressure; thus, the melting temperature of coal ash may increase. Under the CO atmosphere, the minerals such as microcline, lomonitite, geothite and illite are still present with the increase in pressure; this may reduce the melting temperature. While under the H O atmosphere, there are magnetite and anorthoclase, which may produce the low-temperature eutectics decreasing the melting temperature. The coal ash abundance in basic oxides or higher SiO , Fe O , K O and Na O has lower melting temperature. While the ash sample with more SiO and Al O and less Fe O and basic oxides may lead to higher melting temperature.

关键词： ash fusibility XRD analysis PTGA low-temperature eutectic

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生态文明背景下我国能源发展与变革分析

杜祥琬,呼和涛力,田智宇,袁浩然,赵丹丹,陈勇

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第8期页码 46-53

摘要：

能源是人类社会文明演进的前提和基础，能源发展是生态文明建设的重要组成部分，能源生产利用方式的变革创新是经济社会转型升级的关键。本文阐述了生态文明与能源变革的社会作用，分析了我国能源发展与发达国家之间的差距及存在问题，并根据未来国际能源发展总体趋势，阐述了我国能源发展面临的挑战和机遇。结合能源需求预测分析，指出我国能源变革的必要性，为我国生态文明建设与能源发展和变革提供战略决策及参考依据。

关键词：生态文明；能源变革；发展模式；能源技术；能源战略

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基于农业发展方式转变的美丽乡村建设重点和路径选择

刘旭,唐华俊,易小燕,赵俊伟,尹昌斌

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第4期页码 33-39 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.04.006

摘要：

农业发展方式转变为美丽乡村建设带来了新的机遇。基于生态文明建设要求，构建农业发展方式转变下美丽乡村建设的路径选择，本文系统地梳理了农业发展方式转变下美丽乡村建设面临的问题和挑战，指出美丽乡村建设重点包括加强农村综合规划与治理、确保口粮绝对安全、大力发展农牧结合、积极推进农村一二三产业融合发展、实施一批美丽乡村建设工程等，并提出加快美丽乡村建设的对策建议。

关键词：生态文明农业发展方式转变美丽乡村建设可持续发展

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Transformation of triclosan by a novel cold-adapted laccase from

Yuanyuan Shi, Deyang Kong, Jiayang Liu, Junhe Lu, Xiaoming Yin, Quansuo Zhou

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0927-5

摘要： This work investigated the transformation of triclosan (TCS) by laccase produced by a pathogen isolated from rotten tomato. The pathogen was characterized as sp. FQ, belonging to subphylum . The laccase exhibited cold-adaptation with relatively high activity at 20°C. The laccase could effectively transform TCS. Approximately 62% TCS could be removed at dose of 1.0 unit·mL in 120 min. The reaction rate appeared to be to the concentration of the substrate, suggesting the laccase activity remained stable during the reaction. Transformation products of TCS were analyzed by mass spectrometry and it was revealed that TCS dimers were formed via radical coupling pathways. During this process, laccase catalyzed oxidation of TCS to form a radical intermediate is the rate limiting step. However, this step can be reversed by humic acid. Overall, the laccase showed great potential in the treatment of phenolic contaminants. Since laccase is widely presented in natural environment, this study also revealed an important pathway involved in the transformation of phenolic contaminants in the environment.

关键词： Laccase Botrytis cinerea Triclosan Transformation Kinetics

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FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023491

摘要： FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

关键词： TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS FOOD CONCEPTS MECHANISMS

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Observer design for induction motor: an approach based on the mean value theorem

Mohamed Yacine HAMMOUDI,Abdelkarim ALLAG,Mohamed BECHERIF,Mohamed BENBOUZID,Hamza ALLOUI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 426-433 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0314-x

摘要： In this paper, observer design for an induction motor has been investigated. The peculiarity of this paper is the synthesis of a mono-Luenberger observer for highly coupled system. To transform the nonlinear error dynamics for the induction motor into the linear parametric varying (LPV) system, the differential mean value theorem combined with the sector nonlinearity transformation has been used. Stability conditions based on the Lyapunov function lead to solvability of a set of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed observer guarantees the global exponential convergence to zero of the estimation error. Finally, the simulation results are given to show the performance of the observer design.

关键词： observer design differential mean value theorem (DMVT) sector nonlinearity transformation linear matrix inequalities (LMI) induction motor

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TRANSFORMATION OF FOOD SYSTEMS: HOW CAN IT BE FINANCED?

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 109-123 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023483

摘要：

● The analysis of financing for the transformation of food systems requires first a consideration of costs.

关键词： financial markets food systems development financing consumer expenditures public budgets Sustainable Development Goals

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The transformation of PAHs in the sewage sludge incineration treatment

Hui ZHANG,Le XU,Yifei ZHANG,Mengchan JIANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 336-340 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0766-6

摘要： The release of pollutants from sewage sludge in the treatment process is a worldwide tricky problem in the field of sludge treatment. In this paper, the release and reaction between monomers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sewage sludge incineration treatment were studied based on simulated experiments. The result indicates that the transformation may occurre between monomers of PAHs during their release in the treatment. Over 90% of total PAHs in sewage sludge are released at the the temperature of 300°C–750°C. The possible transformation of Naphthalene to indeno(1, 2, 3-cd)pyrene was related to the temperature of the treatment system. Here, we showed that the output rate of transformation reactions for indeno(1, 2, 3-cd)pyrene is 94% at 300°C. These findings, by identifying corresponding treatment conditions as well as techniques, can help to understand the reactions and control real outputs of PAHs in the treatment process.

关键词： release of monomers transformation of monomers PAHs sewage sludge incineration treatment

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面向数字化转型的“互联网 +”战略升级研究

何伟,张伟东,王超贤

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第4期页码 10-17 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.002

摘要：

“互联网 +”行动计划推出5年来，新一代信息技术创新进一步加快，经济社会数字化转型呈现诸多新特征，这就要求深入研究构建转型新体系和探索转型新路径，谋划“互联网 +”行动举措演进升级。本文遵循技术产业变革的客观规律，基于技术经济理论范式，着重分析了当前技术、应用和政策等层面数字化转型新态势和转型前沿实践探索。研究表明，当前数字化转型技术体系和技术能力日益完善，新的转型目标蓝图逐步显现，信息技术和实体经济融合进入新阶段，面临着重构数字化转型框架体系，强化转型关键要素、突破转型关键环节的重要任务。对此建议，在“互联网 +”行动后续政策设计、国家“十四五”规划制定的过程中，发掘数字化要素潜力，推动数字化转型生态建设，构建转型创新网络，升级“互联网 +”政策保障体系，推动经济社会数字化转型迈向更高发展水平。

关键词：技术产业变革数字化转型互联网+ 产业升级